Python complex() With Examples

Python complex() function is used to create complex numbers. It’s a built-in function that returns a complex type from the input parameters.

Python complex()

Python complex() function syntax is:

Some of the important points to remember while using complex() function are:

  • Python complex() function returns complex number with value real + imag*1j.
  • We can convert string to complex number using complex() function. If the first argument is string, second argument is not allowed.
  • While converting string to complex number, whitespaces in string is not allowed. For example, ‘1+2j’ is fine but ‘1 + 2j’ is not.
  • If no argument is passed, then 0j is returned.
  • Input arguments can be in any numeric format such as hexadecimal, binary etc.
  • Underscores in numeric literals are also allowed from Python 3.6 onwards, refer PEP 515.

Python complex() examples

Let’s look at some complex() function examples.

complex() without any argument

Output:

complex() with numeric arguments

Output:

complex() with underscore numeric literals

Output: (10000000-2j)

complex() with complex number inputs

Output:

Notice how complex literals are combined to form a new complex number. If the second argument is a complex number, then the calculation is different.

complex() with string arguments

Output: (1+2j)

Let’s see what happens when the input string has white spaces.

Output: ValueError: complex() arg is a malformed string

Let’s see what happens when the first argument is a string and the second argument is also provided.

Output: TypeError: complex() can't take second arg if first is a string

What if we try to pass the second argument as String, let’s see what error we get.

Output: TypeError: complex() second arg can't be a string

That’s all for python complex() function.

You can checkout complete python script and more Python examples from our GitHub Repository.

Reference: Official Documentation

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